Proteus anguinus is very susceptible to alterations in its surrounding owing to its adjustment to the explicit situations in caverns. Water supplies in the Karst region are enormously susceptible to all types of contamination. The effluence of the Karst subversive waters is due to the huge figure of waste removal locations leached by rainfall, and to the unintentional runoff of diverse liquids. The indication of such contamination in the Karst subversive waters may entirely depend on the kind and amount of contaminants, and on the boulder formation through which the water enters. Self-sanitization procedures in the subversive waters are not entirely understood in the most perfect manner, but they are fairly diverse from those present in plain waters. Amongst the severe chemical contaminants are indeed chlorinated hydrocarbon, manure and even harmful pesticides as well that are used extensively in a multiplicity of industrial procedures and in the making of several types of equipments, metals like mercury, zinc, lead, and even arsenic. All these elements exist in the atmosphere, being gradually, if at all, ruined by innate procedures. Furthermore, all these substances are very toxic in nature and harmful for human existence if they tend to gather in any considerable magnitude. Slovenian caverns became well-known for the amphibians they incorporate and could not be established anywhere else.
Owing to the scarcity, the Human fish is very accepted amongst collectors and researchers that can jeopardize the species by removing several amphibians and other related fishes out of the surrounding. However, olm is integrated in Appendices II and IV of the European Union Habitats Directive as well. On the other hand, Appendix II has to conserve constructive conservation status in mammal and plant species alongside with their inhabitants by shielding the species or elaborating unique regions for effective conservation. These regions for conservation shape the Natura 2000 network also. Appendix IV moreover elaborates mammal and plant species of commune interest in requirement of stern fortification. Hunting or storing a restricted quantity of olm is permitted only under severely inhibited conditions, clearly determined by local government. Proteus anguinus was primarily shielded in Slovenia in the year 1922 along with incredible cavern fauna, but the fortification was not useful and a significant black market emerged. In the year 1982 it was put on a list of extraordinary and scarce species. This listing also contained the consequence of barring business of the endangered species. After unification with the EU, Slovenia had to start systems for detailed fortification of this endangered species integrated in the EU Habitats Directive. The Proteus anguinus is also integrated in a Slovenian Red List of scarce species.
The Postojna cavern and nearby caves occupied by human fishes were also incorporated in the Slovenian division of the Natura 2000 system. However, in Croatia, the Proteus anguinus is sheltered by government legislation planned to guard amphibians. Collecting is only possible for research objectives but by authorization of the National Administration for Nature and Environment Protection. On the other hand, conservation status in nearby Bosnia and Herzegovina and even Montenegro has not been finalized till now. The IUCN Red List acknowledges Proteus anguinus as susceptible owing to its uneven and restricted allocation and ever-reducing population.